AKTX vs AUNA

AKTX Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

Overview We are an oncology company developing next-generation antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”) designed around novel, proprietary cancer-killing toxins (“payloads”). We believe these novel payloads may have the potential to transform the efficacy and safety outcomes of ADCs as cancer therapies beyond options that are currently available or in development. Cancers are the second leading cause of mortality in the United States and the leading cause of death for those under 65 years of age. The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 618,000 people will die of cancer in the United States in 2025. ADCs are a class of cancer therapies that combine the precision targeting of antibodies with payload toxins that attack cancer cells.

AKARI THERAPEUTICS, PLC Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1. Description of Business Business Overview Akari Therapeutics, Plc, (the “Company” or “Akari”) is incorporated in the United Kingdom. The Company is developing next-generation antibody-drug conjugates, or ADCs, through its proprietary technology platform that enables Akari to generate a range of ADC candidates and optimize them to target a range of cancers. Since the Company’s acquisition of Peak Bio in November 2024, Akari has focused substantially all of its efforts on the ADC platform and pipeline of novel anti-cancer payloads with mechanisms of action that differ from existing therapies and the application of those payloads against clinically validated targets.

AUNA Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

We use medical loss ratio (“MLR”), in this annual report. MLR is calculated as (i) claims for medical treatment generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans plus (ii) technical reserves relating to plan members treated pursuant to such plans, whether at our facilities or third-party facilities, divided by revenue generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans.

We believe that MLR is an important measure of our operating performance in our healthcare coverage business as it is an indicator of the percentage of payments under our oncology plans that is used for medical treatment as compared to administrative costs and is widely used in the healthcare industry as a measure of operating efficiency. Industry, Market and Benchmarking Data We make estimates in this annual report regarding our competitive position and market share, as well as the market size and expected growth of the healthcare industries in Mexico, Peru and Colombia. We have made these estimates on the basis of our management’s knowledge and statistics and other information from the following sources: the Mexican Secretaría de Salud, the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (“INEGI”), the Mexican Colegio Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Integrada, A.C.

AKTX Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

Overview We are an oncology company developing next-generation antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”) designed around novel, proprietary cancer-killing toxins (“payloads”). We believe these novel payloads may have the potential to transform the efficacy and safety outcomes of ADCs as cancer therapies beyond options that are currently available or in development. Cancers are the second leading cause of mortality in the United States and the leading cause of death for those under 65 years of age. The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 618,000 people will die of cancer in the United States in 2025. ADCs are a class of cancer therapies that combine the precision targeting of antibodies with payload toxins that attack cancer cells.

We believe this dual action of tumor killing by PH1 is differentiated from current standard ADC payloads used today and suggests that PH1 possesses a “bifunctional” mechanism of action (“MoA”). Our lead product candidate is AKTX-101, a preclinical stage Trop2-targeting ADC that combines PH1 with the Trop2 antibody, which is expressed in the highest number of solid tumor cancer types, including lung, breast, colon and prostate. We aim to establish AKTX-101 as a best-in-class Trop2-targeting ADC for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Beyond AKTX-101, our ADC Platform enables us to develop additional ADCs that combine the PH1 payload and other novel payloads that we are developing or may in the future develop with a number of antibodies known to be key cancer targets.

AUNA Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

Healthcare plans in Peru, Oncosalud, is a vertically integrated healthcare plan platform through which we are both a healthcare payer and a provider of oncology and general healthcare services. We sell oncology plans that provide healthcare coverage for the prevention, detection and treatment of cancer and provide oncology healthcare services to those covered by our plans as well as patients with other forms of private healthcare coverage, including traditional insurance and other prepaid plans, mostly through our network of Oncosalud-dedicated facilities. Through this vertically integrated model, we offer our plan members a full range of services at an affordable cost. 47 Table of Contents Oncology plans

We provide healthcare services for the prevention, detection and treatment of cancer through a network of dedicated Oncosalud facilities to those covered by our plans as well as patients with third-party healthcare coverage. We operate two specialized oncology hospitals and three oncology clinics to provide our oncology services to our plan members and patients with third-party healthcare coverage. Our facilities have premier clinical capabilities. We believe Clínica Oncosalud is one of the best radiotherapy centers in Peru, as we are one of the only providers with a private PET scan and cyclotron and one of the only private providers in the country providing intraoperative radiotherapy, all of which has allowed us to obtain a Diamond accreditation from ACI.

AKTX Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

Overview We are an oncology company developing next-generation antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”) designed around novel, proprietary cancer-killing toxins (“payloads”). We believe these novel payloads may have the potential to transform the efficacy and safety outcomes of ADCs as cancer therapies beyond options that are currently available or in development. Cancers are the second leading cause of mortality in the United States and the leading cause of death for those under 65 years of age. The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 618,000 people will die of cancer in the United States in 2025. ADCs are a class of cancer therapies that combine the precision targeting of antibodies with payload toxins that attack cancer cells.

We believe this dual action of tumor killing by PH1 is differentiated from current standard ADC payloads used today and suggests that PH1 possesses a “bifunctional” mechanism of action (“MoA”). Our lead product candidate is AKTX-101, a preclinical stage Trop2-targeting ADC that combines PH1 with the Trop2 antibody, which is expressed in the highest number of solid tumor cancer types, including lung, breast, colon and prostate. We aim to establish AKTX-101 as a best-in-class Trop2-targeting ADC for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Beyond AKTX-101, our ADC Platform enables us to develop additional ADCs that combine the PH1 payload and other novel payloads that we are developing or may in the future develop with a number of antibodies known to be key cancer targets.

AUNA Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

Total revenue from contracts with customers. We generate revenue from (i) the sale of healthcare services, which occurs in all of our segments, (ii) the sale of medicines, which also occurs in all of our segments, (iii) insurance revenue on our healthcare plans in our Oncosalud Peru segment and (iv) insurance revenue earned on our dental and vision insurance plans in our Healthcare Services in Mexico segment. Healthcare services. The revenue we generate from the sale of healthcare services is recognized as services rendered to our patients and includes amounts related to the services provided as well as the products and supplies used in providing such services.

Some contracts permit the insurers to get discounts for prompt pay. Management works with statistics which are estimated based on historical percentages and these are recognized as a lower value of revenue. Sale of medicines Customers acquire control of the medicines, when they are delivered and have been accepted, either as part of the hospitalization or as part of the pharmacy sale. Invoices are generated at the time the customers receive the medicines and in the case of hospitalization at the time of the medicine is delivered. In general, invoices are payable at the time of issuance and after invoicing, in the case of hospitalized patients. Revenue is recognized when medicines are delivered and have been accepted by customers at their premises.

AKTX Core

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

AKARI THERAPEUTICS, PLC Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1. Description of Business Business Overview Akari Therapeutics, Plc, (the “Company” or “Akari”) is incorporated in the United Kingdom. The Company is developing next-generation antibody-drug conjugates, or ADCs, through its proprietary technology platform that enables Akari to generate a range of ADC candidates and optimize them to target a range of cancers. Since the Company’s acquisition of Peak Bio in November 2024, Akari has focused substantially all of its efforts on the ADC platform and pipeline of novel anti-cancer payloads with mechanisms of action that differ from existing therapies and the application of those payloads against clinically validated targets.

On November 14, 2024, the Company completed its previously announced strategic combination contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), pursuant to which, Merger Sub merged with and into Peak Bio, Inc. with Peak Bio surviving the acquisition as a wholly owned subsidiary of Akari. Peak Bio, organized under the laws of Delaware, is a biotechnology company with a portfolio of potential therapies focused on cancer and immunological diseases. The Company acquired all outstanding equity interests in Peak Bio, Inc., which includes Peak Bio’s therapeutic pipeline consisting of one clinical stage and one pre-clinical stage asset supported by an intellectual property portfolio consisting of various granted and pending patents in various jurisdictions worldwide.

AUNA Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AKTX Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

•generation of greater numbers of neoepitopes than currently available ADCs, leading to activation of both B-cells and T-cells in the tumor microenvironment to generate an immune response that has the potential to continue to kill cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment and throughout the body; •ability to be used in combination with key immunotherapy agents such as anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies (“checkpoint inhibitors”) to potentially deliver synergistic efficacy results (more than additive); •sustained duration of response of tumor regression or elimination; •reduced tumor resistance; and 3 •improved safety and tolerability relative to ADCs that are currently available.

We believe the secondary cytotoxic effect of spliceosome malfunction that results from neoepitope formation makes the use of spliceosome inhibitors attractive in the development of potential ADC therapies due to their potential to exhibit a bifunctional MoA through which the payload targets and kills cancer cells and the resultant formation of neoepitopes triggers the body’s immune system to do the same. Preclinical data that we have gathered indicate that PH1 possesses the ability to induce neoepitope formation. In an in vitro study, we performed an unbiased comparison of PH1-, ravtansine (“DM4”)- and dimethyl sulfoxide (“DMSO”) (vehicle control)- treated human gastric cancer cells by performing RNA sequencing all genes and looking for sequences that would give rise to neoepitopes. After identifying the normal and novel RNA species, we 5

AUNA Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AKTX Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AUNA Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

49 Table of Contents Telemedicine plans We began offering group plans for telemedicine services on a business-to-business basis in 2020. All of the telemedicine services are provided by our existing network. These plans are designed to introduce customers to our products and services as a way of expanding our reach and deepening existing relationships. Our telemedicine plans are prepaid group healthcare plans, meaning that employers of the plan members pay a fixed amount of US$0.8 per month per plan member as of December 31, 2024. Each plan member has access to up to 12 telemedicine consultations per year and discounted access to certain healthcare services in our Auna Peru network. We have 234,389 memberships through our agreements with 68 of employers as of December 31, 2024, representing 17.2% of the total number of healthcare plan memberships.

Also, during 2024 it includes S/ 3,275 thousand (S/ 6,358 thousand during 2023 and S/ 11,754 thousand during 2022) related to the retail digital pharmacy with last-mile delivery, Farmauna, and the telehealth platform, Clínica 360, which provides for clinical intervention with patients through remote access to physicians and other clinicians and telemedicine solutions. In February 2023, through the business combinations, the group acquired the right to use the trademark “Dentegra” for S/ 3,411 thousand and goodwill for S/ 21,331 thousand, note 1.C.i. In April 2022, in connection with its acquisition of IMAT, the group acquired the trademark “IMAT” for S/ 63,752 thousand, softwares for S/ 2,301 thousand and goodwill for S/ 303,825 thousand (note 1.C.iii).

AKTX Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AUNA Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

We use medical loss ratio (“MLR”), in this annual report. MLR is calculated as (i) claims for medical treatment generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans plus (ii) technical reserves relating to plan members treated pursuant to such plans, whether at our facilities or third-party facilities, divided by revenue generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans.

We believe that MLR is an important measure of our operating performance in our healthcare coverage business as it is an indicator of the percentage of payments under our oncology plans that is used for medical treatment as compared to administrative costs and is widely used in the healthcare industry as a measure of operating efficiency. Industry, Market and Benchmarking Data We make estimates in this annual report regarding our competitive position and market share, as well as the market size and expected growth of the healthcare industries in Mexico, Peru and Colombia. We have made these estimates on the basis of our management’s knowledge and statistics and other information from the following sources: the Mexican Secretaría de Salud, the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (“INEGI”), the Mexican Colegio Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Integrada, A.C.

AKTX Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AUNA Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

We use medical loss ratio (“MLR”), in this annual report. MLR is calculated as (i) claims for medical treatment generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans plus (ii) technical reserves relating to plan members treated pursuant to such plans, whether at our facilities or third-party facilities, divided by revenue generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans.

We believe that MLR is an important measure of our operating performance in our healthcare coverage business as it is an indicator of the percentage of payments under our oncology plans that is used for medical treatment as compared to administrative costs and is widely used in the healthcare industry as a measure of operating efficiency. Industry, Market and Benchmarking Data We make estimates in this annual report regarding our competitive position and market share, as well as the market size and expected growth of the healthcare industries in Mexico, Peru and Colombia. We have made these estimates on the basis of our management’s knowledge and statistics and other information from the following sources: the Mexican Secretaría de Salud, the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (“INEGI”), the Mexican Colegio Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Integrada, A.C.

AKTX Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-04-15 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

AUNA Material

Annual filing released 2025-04-10 · GPT 6 Luna

We use medical loss ratio (“MLR”), in this annual report. MLR is calculated as (i) claims for medical treatment generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans plus (ii) technical reserves relating to plan members treated pursuant to such plans, whether at our facilities or third-party facilities, divided by revenue generated by our prepaid oncology and general healthcare plans.

We believe that MLR is an important measure of our operating performance in our healthcare coverage business as it is an indicator of the percentage of payments under our oncology plans that is used for medical treatment as compared to administrative costs and is widely used in the healthcare industry as a measure of operating efficiency. Industry, Market and Benchmarking Data We make estimates in this annual report regarding our competitive position and market share, as well as the market size and expected growth of the healthcare industries in Mexico, Peru and Colombia. We have made these estimates on the basis of our management’s knowledge and statistics and other information from the following sources: the Mexican Secretaría de Salud, the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (“INEGI”), the Mexican Colegio Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Integrada, A.C.