ADP vs RSSS

ADP Core

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

Reportable Segments Our two reportable business segments are Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”), and are based on the way that management reviews the performance of, and makes decisions about, our businesses. For financial data by segment and by geographic area, see Note 15 to the “Consolidated Financial Statements” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Employer Services. Our Employer Services segment serves clients ranging from single-employee small businesses to large enterprises with tens of thousands of employees around the world, offering a comprehensive range of technology-based HCM solutions, including our strategic, cloud-based platforms, and HRO (other than PEO) solutions.

HCM Solutions Integrated HCM Solutions. Our premier suite of HCM products offers complete solutions that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Our suite of HCM solutions are powered by our strategic, cloud-based, award-winning platforms, including: • RUN Powered by ADP is an all-in-one platform designed specifically for small businesses to simplify payroll, HR, and compliance. It combines easy-to-use technology with 24/7 real-person support from ADP’s team of payroll professionals. RUN also integrates with other ADP solutions, including workforce management, workers’ compensation, benefits, and retirement services. • ADP Workforce Now is a flexible HCM solution used across mid-sized and large businesses in North America to manage their employees. More businesses use ADP

RSSS Core

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

We offer various software platforms (“Platform” or “Platforms”) that are typically sold to corporate, academic, government and individual researchers as cloud-based SaaS via auto-renewing license agreements. Corporate, academic, and government customers typically sign up under annual or multi-year agreements paid annually in advance. Individual researchers can sign up under an annual or a month-to-month agreement and are typically billed monthly. Our Platforms also facilitate the sale of published scientific, technical, and medical (“STM”) content sold as individual articles (“Transactions”) either stand alone or via one or more of the research Platform solutions we provide. When one or more of the Platform solutions are used to purchase Transactions, customers pay for those transactions through monthly billing or via credit card for individual researchers.

They also typically deliver a return on investment to the customer by reducing the amount of time it takes a research organization to find, acquire and manage content, in addition to also driving down the ultimate cost per article and overall research costs over time. Platforms Our cloud-based SaaS Platforms consist of proprietary software and Internet-based interfaces sold to customers through an annual or monthly subscription fee. Legacy functionality falls into three areas. Discovery Tools – Our Scite.ai and Resolute.ai solutions facilitate search (discovery) across virtually all STM articles available. These solutions include basic search solutions and advanced search tools. These tools allow for searching and identifying relevant research and then purchasing that research through one of our other solutions.

ADP Core

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

Reportable Segments Our two reportable business segments are Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”), and are based on the way that management reviews the performance of, and makes decisions about, our businesses. For financial data by segment and by geographic area, see Note 15 to the “Consolidated Financial Statements” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Employer Services. Our Employer Services segment serves clients ranging from single-employee small businesses to large enterprises with tens of thousands of employees around the world, offering a comprehensive range of technology-based HCM solutions, including our strategic, cloud-based platforms, and HRO (other than PEO) solutions.

HCM Solutions Integrated HCM Solutions. Our premier suite of HCM products offers complete solutions that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Our suite of HCM solutions are powered by our strategic, cloud-based, award-winning platforms, including: • RUN Powered by ADP is an all-in-one platform designed specifically for small businesses to simplify payroll, HR, and compliance. It combines easy-to-use technology with 24/7 real-person support from ADP’s team of payroll professionals. RUN also integrates with other ADP solutions, including workforce management, workers’ compensation, benefits, and retirement services. • ADP Workforce Now is a flexible HCM solution used across mid-sized and large businesses in North America to manage their employees. More businesses use ADP

RSSS Core

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

PART I Item 1. Business Company Overview Research Solutions was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 2, 2006, and is a publicly traded holding company with five wholly owned subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025: Reprints Desk, Inc., a Delaware corporation, including its wholly owned subsidiary Resolute Innovation, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Scite, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Reprints Desk Latin America S. de R.L. de C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico, and RESSOL LA, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico. We are a vertical software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and artificial intelligence (“AI”) company providing software and related services to help research-intensive organizations simplify the research process, save time and money.

They also typically deliver a return on investment to the customer by reducing the amount of time it takes a research organization to find, acquire and manage content, in addition to also driving down the ultimate cost per article and overall research costs over time. Platforms Our cloud-based SaaS Platforms consist of proprietary software and Internet-based interfaces sold to customers through an annual or monthly subscription fee. Legacy functionality falls into three areas. Discovery Tools – Our Scite.ai and Resolute.ai solutions facilitate search (discovery) across virtually all STM articles available. These solutions include basic search solutions and advanced search tools. These tools allow for searching and identifying relevant research and then purchasing that research through one of our other solutions.

ADP Core

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

Reportable Segments Our two reportable business segments are Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”), and are based on the way that management reviews the performance of, and makes decisions about, our businesses. For financial data by segment and by geographic area, see Note 15 to the “Consolidated Financial Statements” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Employer Services. Our Employer Services segment serves clients ranging from single-employee small businesses to large enterprises with tens of thousands of employees around the world, offering a comprehensive range of technology-based HCM solutions, including our strategic, cloud-based platforms, and HRO (other than PEO) solutions.

HCM Solutions Integrated HCM Solutions. Our premier suite of HCM products offers complete solutions that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Our suite of HCM solutions are powered by our strategic, cloud-based, award-winning platforms, including: • RUN Powered by ADP is an all-in-one platform designed specifically for small businesses to simplify payroll, HR, and compliance. It combines easy-to-use technology with 24/7 real-person support from ADP’s team of payroll professionals. RUN also integrates with other ADP solutions, including workforce management, workers’ compensation, benefits, and retirement services. • ADP Workforce Now is a flexible HCM solution used across mid-sized and large businesses in North America to manage their employees. More businesses use ADP

RSSS Core

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

PART I Item 1. Business Company Overview Research Solutions was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 2, 2006, and is a publicly traded holding company with five wholly owned subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025: Reprints Desk, Inc., a Delaware corporation, including its wholly owned subsidiary Resolute Innovation, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Scite, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Reprints Desk Latin America S. de R.L. de C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico, and RESSOL LA, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico. We are a vertical software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and artificial intelligence (“AI”) company providing software and related services to help research-intensive organizations simplify the research process, save time and money.

They also typically deliver a return on investment to the customer by reducing the amount of time it takes a research organization to find, acquire and manage content, in addition to also driving down the ultimate cost per article and overall research costs over time. Platforms Our cloud-based SaaS Platforms consist of proprietary software and Internet-based interfaces sold to customers through an annual or monthly subscription fee. Legacy functionality falls into three areas. Discovery Tools – Our Scite.ai and Resolute.ai solutions facilitate search (discovery) across virtually all STM articles available. These solutions include basic search solutions and advanced search tools. These tools allow for searching and identifying relevant research and then purchasing that research through one of our other solutions.

ADP Core

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

Reportable Segments Our two reportable business segments are Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”), and are based on the way that management reviews the performance of, and makes decisions about, our businesses. For financial data by segment and by geographic area, see Note 15 to the “Consolidated Financial Statements” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Employer Services. Our Employer Services segment serves clients ranging from single-employee small businesses to large enterprises with tens of thousands of employees around the world, offering a comprehensive range of technology-based HCM solutions, including our strategic, cloud-based platforms, and HRO (other than PEO) solutions.

HCM Solutions Integrated HCM Solutions. Our premier suite of HCM products offers complete solutions that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Our suite of HCM solutions are powered by our strategic, cloud-based, award-winning platforms, including: • RUN Powered by ADP is an all-in-one platform designed specifically for small businesses to simplify payroll, HR, and compliance. It combines easy-to-use technology with 24/7 real-person support from ADP’s team of payroll professionals. RUN also integrates with other ADP solutions, including workforce management, workers’ compensation, benefits, and retirement services. • ADP Workforce Now is a flexible HCM solution used across mid-sized and large businesses in North America to manage their employees. More businesses use ADP

RSSS Core

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

PART I Item 1. Business Company Overview Research Solutions was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 2, 2006, and is a publicly traded holding company with five wholly owned subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025: Reprints Desk, Inc., a Delaware corporation, including its wholly owned subsidiary Resolute Innovation, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Scite, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Reprints Desk Latin America S. de R.L. de C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico, and RESSOL LA, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., an entity organized under the laws of Mexico. We are a vertical software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and artificial intelligence (“AI”) company providing software and related services to help research-intensive organizations simplify the research process, save time and money.

They also typically deliver a return on investment to the customer by reducing the amount of time it takes a research organization to find, acquire and manage content, in addition to also driving down the ultimate cost per article and overall research costs over time. Platforms Our cloud-based SaaS Platforms consist of proprietary software and Internet-based interfaces sold to customers through an annual or monthly subscription fee. Legacy functionality falls into three areas. Discovery Tools – Our Scite.ai and Resolute.ai solutions facilitate search (discovery) across virtually all STM articles available. These solutions include basic search solutions and advanced search tools. These tools allow for searching and identifying relevant research and then purchasing that research through one of our other solutions.

ADP Material

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

ADP a distinct, competitive advantage. AI and ML drive many of the key features of ADP’s data products, including ADP DataCloud, our award-winning people analytics solution. ADP DataCloud analyzes aggregated, anonymized and timely HCM and compensation data from more than one million organizations across the U.S., powering solutions that provide clients with in-depth workforce and business insights that enable critical HR decisions. Analytics enhanced by ADP Assist leverages generative AI to deliver answers to analytics questions across key practice areas including benefits, HR, payroll, recruitment and time, helping to remove user friction.

We also offer data analytics and reporting tools that provide clients with insights, benchmarks and performance metrics so they can better manage their workforce. In addition, industry-specific modules are available for labor forecasting, budgeting, activity and task management, grant and project tracking, and tips management. Compliance Solutions. ADP’s Compliance Solutions provides industry-leading expertise in payment compliance and employment-related tax matters that complement the payroll, HR and ERP systems of our clients. In our fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, in the United States, we processed and delivered more than 78 million employee year-end tax statements and moved more than $3.3 trillion in client funds to our clients’ employees, tax authorities and other payees.

RSSS Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

ADP Material

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

ADP Indemnity provides workers’ compensation and employer's liability deductible reimbursement insurance protection for PEO Services’ worksite employees up to $1 million per occurrence. PEO Services has secured a workers’ compensation and employer’s liability insurance policy that caps the exposure for each claim at $1 million per occurrence and has also secured aggregate stop loss insurance that caps aggregate losses at a certain level in fiscal years 2012 and prior from an admitted and licensed insurance company of AIG. We utilize historical loss experience and actuarial judgment to determine the estimated claim liability, and changes in estimated ultimate incurred losses are included in the PEO segment.

Additionally, starting in fiscal year 2013, ADP Indemnity paid premiums to enter into reinsurance arrangements with ACE American Insurance Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chubb Limited (“Chubb”), to cover substantially all losses incurred by the Company up to the $1 million per occurrence related to the workers’ compensation and employer's liability deductible reimbursement insurance protection for PEO Services' worksite employees. Each of these reinsurance arrangements limits our overall exposure incurred up to a certain limit. The Company believes the likelihood of ultimate losses exceeding this limit is remote. During fiscal 2025, ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $276 million to enter into a reinsurance arrangement with Chubb to cover substantially all losses incurred by ADP Indemnity for the fiscal 2025 policy year up to $1 million per occurrence.

RSSS Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

ADP Material

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

We provide employers with a wide range of payroll options, including using mobile technology, connecting their major enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) applications with ADP’s payroll services or outsourcing their entire payroll process to us. Employers can choose a variety of payroll payment options including ADP’s electronic wage payment and, in the United States, payroll card solutions and digital accounts. On behalf of our clients in the United States, we prepare and file federal, state and local payroll tax returns, and quarterly and annual Social Security, Medicare, and federal, state and local income tax withholding reports.

We also offer data analytics and reporting tools that provide clients with insights, benchmarks and performance metrics so they can better manage their workforce. In addition, industry-specific modules are available for labor forecasting, budgeting, activity and task management, grant and project tracking, and tips management. Compliance Solutions. ADP’s Compliance Solutions provides industry-leading expertise in payment compliance and employment-related tax matters that complement the payroll, HR and ERP systems of our clients. In our fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, in the United States, we processed and delivered more than 78 million employee year-end tax statements and moved more than $3.3 trillion in client funds to our clients’ employees, tax authorities and other payees.

RSSS Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

ADP Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

RSSS Material

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

By integrating organization tools with instant access to millions of scholarly articles, our References solution streamlines the research workflow and enhances productivity for scientific professionals. AI models are integral to powering the unique insights our platforms provide as well as the user experience customers enjoy. Natural language processing (“NLP”) and AI models are used to enhance metadata, define connections between topics and content items as well as to generate data and metrics employed to enable users to rapidly identify and understand the value of content they need for their research. We also use state of the art AI models, such as Large Language Models to include Generative AI “assistants” in several parts of the research workflow today and will continually add capability as we move forward.

Today we employ Generative AI technologies as a basis for our recommendation engine in our Discovery Tools, Access, and Manage Platform solutions. In addition, Generative AI based “assistants” in some of our solutions allow the researcher to ask questions about articles, groups of articles (folders), and more. We also have the capability to provide near full text search on STM content in the Scite.ai solution where the publisher gives us the rights to do so. The ability to not only mine an article’s full text but also show snippets of full text is unique to our Company and allows our Generative AI assistants to provide highly accurate results with a very low incidence of hallucinations as part of a Retrieval Augmented Generation framework focused just on STM content.

ADP Not tagged

Annual filing released 2025-08-06 · GPT 6 Luna

This activity has no positive tag in the selected filing snapshot.

RSSS Material

Annual filing released 2025-09-19 · GPT 6 Luna

We leverage our Platforms efficiencies in scalability, stability and development costs to fuel rapid innovation and to gain a competitive advantage. Transactions We provide our researchers with a single source to the universe of published STM content that includes over 200 million existing STM journal articles for instant download, 50 million journal articles for rent, 10 million online book chapters, and 45 million only in print journal articles. In addition, we add between 2 to 4 million newly published STM articles each year. STM content is rented or sold to our customers on a per transaction basis. Researchers and knowledge workers in life science and other research-intensive organizations generally require single copies of published STM journal articles for use in their research activities.

These individuals are our primary users and while they typically purchase the articles via one of our Platform solutions, we do have some customers that just order articles from us on behalf of end-users in their organizations. Core to many of our Platform solutions is providing our customers with ways to find and download digital versions of STM articles that are critical to their research. Customers submit orders for the articles they need which we source and electronically deliver to them generally in under an hour, in most cases in seconds. This service is generally known in the industry as single article delivery or document delivery.