Fundamental Indicators
Complete reference of all fundamental indicators with parameters and examples.
Fundamental Indicators Reference
Fundamental indicators are derived from a company's financial statements, valuation metrics, and macroeconomic data. They are available on paid subscriptions (Data-Driven Investor or higher).
Income Statement Metrics
Revenue (Total Revenue)
Total income generated by the company from its primary operations.
- Source: Income Statement (Quarterly)
- Example condition:
Revenue(AAPL) > 90000000000 (Revenue exceeds $90B)
- Use case: Filter for companies above a minimum revenue threshold.
Gross Profit
Revenue minus cost of goods sold. Indicates how efficiently a company produces its goods.
- Source: Income Statement
- Example condition:
Gross Profit(MSFT) > 50000000000
Operating Income
Profit from core business operations (revenue minus operating expenses, excluding interest and taxes).
- Source: Income Statement
- Example condition:
Operating Income(GOOGL) > 20000000000
EBITDA
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. A proxy for operating cash flow.
- Source: Income Statement
- Example condition:
EBITDA(AMZN) > 50000000000
Net Income
Profit after all expenses, taxes, and costs have been subtracted from total revenue.
- Source: Income Statement
- Example condition:
Net Income(TSLA) > 0 (Company is profitable)
Earnings Per Share (EPS Actual)
Net income divided by the number of outstanding shares. Uses the most recent reported EPS.
- Source: Income Statement
- Example condition:
EPS(MSFT) > 10
EPS Estimate
The consensus analyst estimate for earnings per share. Useful for comparing actual vs. expected earnings.
- Source: Analyst estimates
- Example condition:
EPS Actual(AAPL) > EPS Estimate(AAPL) (Earnings beat — potential catalyst)
Balance Sheet Metrics
Total Assets
The sum of all assets owned by the company (cash, property, inventory, etc.).
- Source: Balance Sheet
- Example condition:
Total Assets(JPM) > 3000000000000
Total Liabilities
The sum of all debts and obligations owed by the company.
- Source: Balance Sheet
- Example condition:
Total Liabilities(AAPL) < Total Assets(AAPL) (Assets exceed liabilities)
Short-Term Debt
Debt obligations due within one year.
- Source: Balance Sheet
- Example condition:
Short Term Debt(TSLA) < 5000000000
Long-Term Debt
Debt obligations due after one year.
- Source: Balance Sheet
- Example condition:
Long Term Debt(MSFT) < 50000000000
Common Stock Shares Outstanding
The total number of shares currently held by all shareholders.
- Source: Balance Sheet
- Example condition:
Shares Outstanding(AAPL) < 16000000000 (Tracking share buybacks)
Cash Flow Metrics
Free Cash Flow
Cash generated by operations minus capital expenditures. The "real" profit available to shareholders.
- Source: Cash Flow Statement
- Example condition:
Free Cash Flow(GOOGL) > 0 (Generating positive free cash flow)
Tip: A company can be profitable (positive net income) but have negative free cash flow. FCF is often more telling than earnings.
Valuation Ratios
PE Ratio (Price to Earnings) — TTM
Share price divided by trailing twelve months earnings per share. The most common valuation metric.
- Source: Computed from price and earnings
- Example condition:
PE Ratio(AAPL) < 25 (Relatively cheap valuation)
Tip: PE is meaningless for companies with negative earnings. Always combine with a profitability filter.
PS Ratio (Price to Sales) — TTM
Share price divided by trailing twelve months revenue per share. Useful for unprofitable growth companies where PE doesn't apply.
- Source: Computed from price and revenue
- Example condition:
PS Ratio(SNOW) < 20
Price-to-Book Ratio
Share price divided by book value per share. Useful for evaluating asset-heavy industries (banks, REITs).
- Source: Computed from price and balance sheet
- Example condition:
Price-to-Book(BAC) < 1.5
Dividend Yield
Annual dividend payments as a percentage of the share price.
- Source: Computed from dividends and price
- Example condition:
Dividend Yield(JNJ) > 3 (Yield above 3%)
Market Capitalization
Total market value of a company's outstanding shares.
- Source: Computed from share price and shares outstanding
- Example condition:
Market Cap(NVDA) > 1000000000000 (Market cap exceeds $1T)
Enterprise Value
Market cap plus debt minus cash. A more comprehensive measure of a company's total value, accounting for capital structure.
- Source: Computed from market cap, debt, and cash
- Example condition:
Enterprise Value(AMZN) > 1500000000000
Fundamental Metrics
Volume
Trading volume for the asset. Alias for the Fundamental indicator with the Volume metric — same pipeline and data sources.
- Parameters: Asset
- Range: >= 0
- Example condition:
Volume(AAPL) > 1000000 (Daily volume exceeds 1M shares)
Tip: Equivalent to Fundamental → Volume; use this type for a shorter, clearer label in strategies.
AI-Powered Indicators
Stock Report (Fundamental Strength Score)
An AI-generated score from 1 to 5 that rates a company's overall fundamental strength. Synthesizes revenue growth, profitability, balance sheet health, valuation, and competitive positioning.
- Parameters: Asset
- Range: 1 to 5 (higher is stronger)
- Example condition:
Stock Report(AAPL) >= 4 (Only buy fundamentally strong companies)
Tip: The Stock Report indicator is one of the most powerful filters available. Use it as a pre-filter: Stock Report(asset) >= 4 AND RSI(asset, 14) < 30 ensures you only buy oversold stocks that are fundamentally sound.
Fundamental Metrics
Days Until Earnings
Calendar days until the asset's next expected earnings report. In backtests the next date is a point-in-time cadence estimate from the last report (no look-ahead); live trading uses the real next scheduled date. Use to time entries and exits around earnings.
- Parameters: Asset
- Range: >= 0 (0 on/after the expected report day; counts down as it nears)
- Example condition:
DaysUntilEarnings(AAPL) <= 30 AND DaysUntilEarnings(AAPL) > 0 (within a month of AAPL's next report)
Tip: Pair with an options entry (iron condor / cash-secured put) and a GreeksCloseTrigger on IV to sell the pre-earnings premium and harvest the post-earnings IV crush.
Days Since Earnings
Calendar days since the asset's most recent earnings report. In backtests and live, this is the last actually-reported quarter at-or-before the decision time (no look-ahead). Use to time post-earnings entries (e.g. fade the gap after N days, or wait for the IV crush to settle).
- Parameters: Asset
- Range: >= 0 (0 on the report day; grows as time passes)
- Example condition:
DaysSinceEarnings(AAPL) >= 5 AND DaysSinceEarnings(AAPL) <= 20 (5–20 days after AAPL's last report)
Tip: Complement of DaysUntilEarnings — use DaysSinceEarnings for post-print mean-reversion or to avoid trading in the immediate post-earnings noise window.
Last Dividend
The most recent regular cash dividend per share whose ex-dividend date is on or before the evaluation date (America/New_York), split-adjusted onto today's share basis, special dividends excluded. Returns null when the asset has no regular dividend on or before that date. Each payment is one observation for TrailingSum, so TrailingSum(LastDividend(asset), 4) sums the last four payments, which is trailing-twelve-month dividends for a quarterly payer (use 12 for a monthly payer). A payment counts only once its ex-dividend date has passed.
- Parameters: Asset
- Range: > 0 dollars per share, or null when the asset has never paid a regular cash dividend
- Example condition:
TrailingSum(LastDividend(KO), 4) / Price(KO) > 0.03 (KO's last four regular payments are more than 3% of its price)
Tip: Wrap it in TrailingSum for trailing-twelve-month dividends: 4 payments for a quarterly payer, 12 for a monthly payer. Wrap it in ConsecutiveIncrease with period Year to count consecutive years of dividend raises.
Congressional Trades
Trades by members of Congress in the asset, from the unified House and Senate disclosure lake, over a trailing window. A trade counts from the moment its report became public, never its trade date, and an amended report changes a value only from the moment the amendment became public. Amount metrics can use the lower, midpoint, or upper end of every disclosed range. Equity disclosures are the default; confirmed option disclosures can be selected separately for numeric activity. Held requires Equity and reads the member's whole public record instead: 1 while their latest equity disclosure for the asset is a purchase or partial sale, 0 after a full sale. Held is a disclosure signal, not verified holdings or share quantity. RemainingBuyAmount reads the full public history and sums original purchase ranges of remaining lots after full sales and exercises. Unknown partial quantities retain their purchase amount estimate; sale proceeds are never subtracted. This is estimated remaining cost, not current market value. Printed expirations identify lots but do not implicitly end modeled renewal exposure.
- Parameters: Asset, Member name, Metric (NetAmount, BuyAmount, RemainingBuyAmount, SellAmount, BuyCount, SellCount, DistinctBuyers, Held), Window (days), Amount basis (LowerBound, Midpoint, UpperBound), Instrument (Equity, Option, All), optional Chamber (All, House, Senate)
- Range: Disclosed amount-range values or counts over the window, or 1/0 for Held; 0 when no matching trade was disclosed
- Example condition:
PoliticalTrades(asset, "Nancy Pelosi", "BuyAmount", 90, "LowerBound", "Equity") > 0 (conservative value of Pelosi stock purchases disclosed in the last 90 days)
Congressional Purchase Share
A member's publicly known equity or option purchase dollars divided by the sum of both, across all disclosed tickers. Event versions enter only when public. Unclassified instruments are excluded. purchaseScope defaults to AllPurchases for historical flow. RemainingLots sums surviving original purchase costs after reported full sales and exercises, excluding unresolved ticker buckets. Unknown partial quantities retain their estimate. Neither setting is current market value or verified holdings.
- Parameters: Bioguide member ID, instrument (Equity or Option), amount basis (LowerBound, Midpoint, UpperBound), purchase scope (AllPurchases or RemainingLots)
- Range: 0 to 100 percent; zero before a qualifying purchase
- Example condition:
PoliticalPurchaseShare("P000197", "Option", "Midpoint")
New Political Disclosure
True when a selected member has a newly public equity or option trade disclosure that this strategy has not handled. Corrections count when they become public. A handled disclosure does not fire again on later price ticks.
- Parameters: Bioguide member ID, instrument (Equity or Option), trade type (Any, Purchase, or Sale)
- Range: 1 while a new disclosure awaits a decision; otherwise 0
- Example condition:
NewPoliticalDisclosure("P000197", "Equity", "Any") > 0
New Trading Week
True on the first evaluated trading tick of an ISO week until the strategy makes a decision. A no-order decision still consumes that week, and live portfolios persist the decision through a restart. Use with an option disclosure trigger for modeled maintenance.
- Parameters: None
- Range: 1 while this week's first decision is pending; otherwise 0
- Example condition:
NewTradingWeek() > 0
Insider Trades
Disclosed purchases (code P, including open-market or private transactions), sales (code S), and a separate exact-owner AwardCount for code A issuer grants or other acquisitions over a trailing publication window. AcquisitionCount combines code P and code A as distinct acquisition signals for modeled follower strategies; awards are not reclassified as purchases or sales and do not prove vested common-share ownership. Exact-owner strategies use versioned common-share, call/put, and issuer-award evidence; exercises and warrants are excluded from tradable purchase signals. A signal becomes eligible when its filing is public, never on an earlier transaction date.
- Parameters: Asset, Metric (NetValue, BuyValue, SellValue, NetShares, BuyCount, SellCount, AwardCount, AcquisitionCount, DistinctBuyers, PurchaseSharePercent, AcquisitionSharePercent), Window (days), Role (Any, Officer, Director, TenPercentOwner, OfficerOrDirector), optional exact reporting Owner CIK and Company CIK, Instrument (Equity, Call, Put). Identity and role match the same owner. A Company CIK without an owner reads every reporting owner's events at that company, counting a joint filing once. Call/Put, award/acquisition metrics and budget shares require ownerCik or a company CIK. AwardCount follows the selected disclosed instrument; the default Equity award bucket also includes code-A restricted units whose tradable instrument is unresolved. That bucket does not assert vested stock. PurchaseSharePercent and AcquisitionSharePercent ignore the target asset and return the selected instrument's fraction of the owner's (or company's) eligible P-only or P-plus-A signals, 0–100; these are count-based weights, not disclosed dollar allocations.
- Range: Dollars, shares, counts or budget percent; unknown owner/amendment coverage has no value
- Example condition:
Insider Trades(asset, DistinctBuyers, 90) >= 3 (three or more insiders bought in the last 90 days)
New Institutional Filing
True when an exact manager CIK has a newly public 13F filing or amendment this strategy has not handled. Each accession creates one decision; later price ticks do not repeat it. The current InstitutionalHoldings book still sets target positions.
- Parameters: Exact numeric SEC manager CIK
- Range: 1 while a public filing awaits a decision; otherwise 0
- Example condition:
NewInstitutionalFiling("1067983") > 0
Institutional Holdings
Institutional positions in the asset disclosed on SEC Form 13F. Naming a manager follows one institution; leaving it empty reads every manager holding the asset. Level metrics read the latest quarter whose filing became public on or before the evaluation date; change metrics compare it with the quarter before. Positions are never summed across quarters, and an amended filing replaces the original only from the moment the amendment became public.
- Parameters: Asset, Metric (HolderCount, TotalShares, TotalValue, BookSharePercent, ConcentrationTop5, NetShareChange, NetHolderChange, NewHolders, ClosedHolders), Window (days), optional Manager (a CIK, or part of a filed name), Instrument (Equity, Call, Put). Calls, puts and BookSharePercent require an exact CIK and the latest effective public book. BookSharePercent ignores the target asset and returns this instrument’s share of the full reported underlying value, 0–100.
- Range: Counts, shares, dollars or a top-5 share of holdings; 0 when no 13F naming the asset was public within the window
- Example condition:
Institutional Holdings(asset, NewHolders, 180) >= 10 (ten or more managers opened a position in the latest disclosed quarter), or with a manager: Institutional Holdings(asset, NetShareChange, 180, "1067983") > 0 (Berkshire added to the position)
New Insider Disclosure
True when a newly public Form 4 version matches the selected owner, issuer, role, instrument and action and awaits a strategy decision. Exact-owner corrections count as new versions. A company CIK without an owner watches every reporting owner at that company, and a joint filing fires once. A handled event does not fire again on later price ticks; unverified owner coverage has no value, and a company is only as covered as its least-covered matching owner.
- Parameters: Optional exact owner CIK and issuer CIK, role (Any, Officer, Director, TenPercentOwner, OfficerOrDirector), instrument (Equity, Call, Put), action (Any, Purchase, Sale, Award). Call/Put and Award require an owner or company CIK.
- Range: 1 while a public Form 4 version awaits a decision; otherwise 0
- Example condition:
NewInsiderDisclosure("0001234567", "0000987654", "Any", "Call", "Any") > 0
Growth Indicators
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
The annualized growth rate of a fundamental metric over a specified number of years. Smooths out quarterly volatility to show the long-term trend.
- Parameters: Asset, Metric (any fundamental metric), Years (1–10)
- Range: Unbounded (percentage)
- Example condition:
CAGR(Revenue, AAPL, 3) > 10 (Apple's revenue has grown at least 10% per year over the last 3 years)
Tip: A 5-year revenue CAGR > 15% identifies high-growth companies.
Economic Indicators
Economic indicators track macroeconomic conditions. They are not tied to a specific asset — they reflect the broader economy.
Nonfarm Payrolls
The total number of paid U.S. workers, excluding farm and certain government employees. A key employment metric released monthly.
- Example condition:
Nonfarm Payrolls > 150000 (Strong job growth)
Unemployment Rate
The percentage of the labor force that is unemployed and actively seeking work.
- Example condition:
Unemployment Rate < 5 (Healthy labor market)
Money Supply
A measure of the total amount of money in circulation (M2 money supply).
- Example condition: Useful for tracking monetary policy trends.
Treasury Yield (3-Month)
The yield on 3-month U.S. Treasury bills. A proxy for the risk-free rate and Federal Reserve policy.
- Example condition:
Treasury Yield 3M < 4 (Accommodative rate environment)
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Measures the average change in prices paid by consumers for goods and services. The primary inflation gauge.
- Example condition:
CPI < 3 (Inflation is under control)
Market indices
Index level
Daily level for a market index or benchmark (e.g. VIX, SPX) from hydrated index price data — not a tradable equity price.
- Parameters: Metric (ticker key: VIX, SPX, NDX, DJI, …)
- Range: Unbounded (index points)
- Example condition:
VIX < 20 (Lower volatility regime)
Tip: Hydrate indices.index_price_data and run full cache rehydration so backtests have the binary cache.
Custom Data
Custom Data Source
Account-owned timestamp/value data uploaded through CSV or JSON ingestion.
- Parameters: Custom data source
- Range: User-defined numeric value
- Example condition:
Fear Greed Score < 25 (Use a proprietary sentiment regime)
Tip: Custom datasets are private to the owner. Shared portfolios that reference them can be subscribed to or copy-traded, but cannot be forked.
Note: Fundamental and economic indicators require a paid NexusTrade subscription (Data-Driven Investor or higher). On the Free plan, these indicators are not accessible.
For portfolio, position, and order-based indicators, see Portfolio & Trading Indicators.
For compound indicators, math operators, and advanced filters, see Advanced Indicators.